y and i after consonants

y and i after consonants
y и i после согласных
1) -y после согласной переходит в -ie- перед окончанием -s.
В частности, это имеет место в следующих контекстах:
а) основа глагола + окончание в 1-ом лице ед.ч. времени Present simple

try + s = tries

cry + s = cries

fly + s = flies

б) основа существительного + окончание множ.числа:

baby + s = babies

body + s = bodies

city + s = cities

2) -y после согласной переходит в -i- перед окончаниями -ed, -er, -est, -ly (но не перед окончанием -ing),
например:
а) глаголы:

carry + ed = carried

carry + ing = carrying

cry + ed = cried

cry + ing = crying

fly + ed = flied

fly + ing = flying

б) прилагательные:

sunny + er = sunnier

sunny + est = sunniest

happy + er = happier

happy + est = happiest

happy + ly = happily

в) наречия:

early + er = earlier

3)
а) -y после гласной не переходит в -i- или -ie-.

play + s = plays

play+ ed = played

play + er = player

boy + s = boys

б) Исключение составляют глаголы lay, pay, say, которые имеют Past tense form и Past participle laid, paid, said, соответственно.
4) ie переходит в y перед окончанием -ing в глаголах die, lie, tie:

die + ing = dying

lie + ing = lying

tie + ing = tying


English-Russian grammar dictionary. 2014.

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